Corporate Governance

board of directors

The board is a central function of corporate governance, appointed by shareholders to oversee the strategy, management, and performance of the company. Its primary duty is to select and oversee the chief executive officer, to monitor management’s performance, and to ensure legal and ethical conduct.

Guidance for reporting on the Board of Directors

01
Qualifications and Independence

Describe the criteria used to select members of the board, including independence, diversity and sustainability competency.

02
board work and committees

Describe the board’s duties and responsibilities, role in strategy, risk, and performance, relationship with senior  management, and committee structure

03
board evaluation

Describe the process of annual evaluation of the board as a whole, of board members individually, and of the board committees.

04
governance of sustainability

Describe the process for oversight of environmental and social issues at the board level and in senior management.

Qualifications and Independence

Nomination and appointment

The report should describe the process of nominating and appointing directors. It should also summarize the roles of the board, the nomination committee (if any), and shareholders in nominating and appointing board members. The report should indicate the term of each Board member and whether they have reappointed for multiple terms. Where companies have board members representing employees, creditors, or government, the report should describe how they are appointed.

Qualification

The report should present the relevant age, gender, background, work experience, education, and other board positions currently held by each board member. It should emphasize board members’ qualifications that are relevant in their board roles, including committees they serve on. It should also link to the wider strategy and purpose of the company.

Sustainability

The report should describe the board’s expertise on sustainability matters and whether board members receive training on ESG issues generally and for the industry sector.

Best Practice

The concept of the “strategic-asset board”) suggests that companies have in place a longer-term board succession plan that ensures that the composition and qualifications of the board are aligned with the company’s strategy and the required qualifications of directors.

Independence

The report should define the different types of directors and levels of independence:

  • Executive board members: board members who have fulltime (usually C-level) positions;
  • Non-independent non-executive board members: board members who do not work fulltime for the company but have some other significant link to it;
  • Independent non-executive board members: Sometimes more justification may be necessary in situations where independence seems compromised

Diversity

Boards are increasingly expected to achieve better gender balance and draw from a wider pool of potential candidates. Beyond gender, this can include candidates of different ages, ethnicities, and other differences in background, including relevant experience or expertise. The report should explain how diversity was considered in recent board nominations and any policy of the board in this area.

Examples Of Reporting

Director Qualifications—Prudential Proxy Statement 2020

Explanation of Director Independence—BHP Annual Report 2019

Board Diversity –Caltex Australia Limited, 2020 Corporate Governance Statement

Board Work and Committees

roles and responsibilities

The report should describe the main activities of the board, focusing on major responsibilities and decisions. It should also include a link to where committee charters are disclosed on the company’s website. The report should describe the division of responsibilities between the board and senior management, including whether executives are also members of the board.

Board committees

The report should describe the specialized committees to support specific board activities:

  • The types of committees (audit, risk, finance, nomination, remuneration, governance, sustainability, and risk)
  • Committees’ roles (including communication with the board);
  • Committees’ composition (including independence and qualifications)
  • A website link to the committees’ charters.

The report also should include a review of each committee’s work, highlighting important areas of focus. See example from Absa Group right.

LEADERSHIP PRACTICES: 100% of the audit committee members should be independent and a majority of members should have experience in managing risk

Examples Of Reporting

Board Work—Fresnillo plc 2019 Annual Report

This example describes and distinguishes the roles of management and the board of  Fresnillo, the UK listed and the world’s largest silver producing company, focusing on the main officers and directors.

Committee Principles and Policy Enhancements —Absa Group 2019 Annual Integrated Report

Example of reporting on the principles and policy directions of the remuneration committee of Absa Group, a South African bank. It demonstrates the trend to increased emphasis on the incentives for long-term success.

Governance of Sustainability

The report should describe the structure and processes to ensure that ESG issues are periodically reviewed and addressed. This includes:

  • Oversight of E&S issues at the board level
  • Corporate governance committee
  • Committee or subcommittee to review sustainability issues

Roles of Sustainability Committee

The diagram below suggests activities of a sustainability committee

Examples Of Reporting

Review of Materiality – Mitsui & Co: 2020 Sustainability Report

In this example, Mitsui details its process of identification and review of material sustainability issues, involving outside stakeholders as well as multiple levels and departments of the company, including employees, top management, the sustainability committee and the board of directors.

Board Evaluation

The report should describe the process of annual evaluation of the board as a whole, of board members individually, and of the board committees. It should include the following:

  • A description of the process (including frequency and who conducts the evaluation);
  • Key indicators that the evaluation was based on;
  • Results/areas of improvement;
  • Action plan based on the result;
  • Actions taken after the previous board evaluation.

LEADERSHIP PRACTICES: Evaluations of the board and its committees should be undertaken annually and once in every three years the evaluation should be conducted by an independent third party. Board evaluation should link to succession planning for the board and for senior management.

Examples Of Reporting

Board Evaluation –Fresnillo plc, 2019 Annual Report