performance

financial statements

Financial statements are important for public accounting and accountability. Unlike financial KPIs, which are unique to the company’s business model and context, financial statements present an account of performance that is more standardized according to generally accepted accounting practices that are comparable across companies and industries.

Guidance for reporting on Financial Statements

Financial statements measure two key elements of a company’s performance:

Financial statements are usually published along with additional information in the notes to financial statements and segment reporting.

01
financial position

Balance Sheet

  • Reports a company's assets, liabilities and shareholders' equity
  • Basis for computing rates of return and evaluating its capital structure
  • Picture of what a company owns and owes, and amounts invested by shareholders

Statement of Shareholders’ Equity

  • Reflects changes in the value of the business to shareholders
  • Picture of how the business is performing, net of all assets and liabilities
  • How business activities contribute to changes in shareholders' equity
02
performance

Statement of Income

  • Reports the company’s revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
  • Provides insights into a company’s operations, the efficiency of its management and performance relative to industry peers.

Statement of Cashflow

  • Reports cash inflows from internal operations and external investments
  • Reports cash outflows for business activities and investments
  • Follows cash made by the business in three ways—operations, investment, and financing
03
additional information

Notes to Financial Statements

  • Explain accounting policies and assumptions.
  • Further details on numbers in the financial statements Help understand and analyze performance.
  • Help evaluate the consistency between strategy and performance.

Segment Reporting

  • Corresponds to company’s own internal organization and decision making
  • Consistent with other parts of the report where business segments are relevant, (business model and environment; performance)
Examples Of Reporting

Income Statement Novo Nordisk Annual Report 2019

Balance Sheet Lenovo Group Limited2019/2020 Annual Report

Cash Flow Statement Grupo Nutresa Integrated Report 2019

Statement of Change in Stockholders’ Equity—Liberty Holdings Integrated Report 2019

Notes to the Financial Statements—Fonterra Annual Financial Results

Segment Reporting—BASF 2019 Integrated Report